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Date: April 29, 2024 Mon
Time: 8:39 pm
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Results for police patrols
5 results foundAuthor: Creaser, Janet Title: Evaluation of Minnesota's Operation NightCAP Program: Final Report Summary: This project evaluated Minnesota Department of Public Safety's Operation NightCAP (Concentrated Alcohol Patrol) Program. This overtime enforcement program uses saturation patrols to identify impaired drivers. The project consisted of three tasks: a crash data analysis, a driver survey and an officer survey. The crash analysis indicated that saturation patrols have a marginally statistically significant effect on the decrease in fatal and severe-injury alcohol-related crashes rates in Minnesota. The effect of a single saturation is small (~0.1%), indicating that many patrols would be needed to see significant decreases in alcohol-related crash rates. A survey of 5000 Minnesota drivers in six counties resulted in 838 completed surveys. Approximately 19% of Minnesota drivers are aware of the program. Drivers' beliefs about impaired driving influenced their perception of alcohol-enforcement programs and their choices to drive after drinking. Fourteen program coordinators and 86 law enforcement officers from the program also responded to a survey and shared their perceptions about the program's effectiveness. Main conclusions drawn from the surveys were that saturation patrols are not highly visible to the public and the current program advertising is not very effective in communities where it is active. Main recommendations are to improve patrol visibility and associated advertising. Details: St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Department of Transportation, 2007. 62p., app. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2007 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 118752 Keywords: Alcohol-Related CrashesDrunk DrivingPolice PatrolsPublicity CampaignsSaturation Patrols |
Author: Kabia, Victor Sylvester Title: The Relationship Between Increased Police Patrols and Violent Crime Rates in Seven United States Cities Summary: Large, metropolitan areas across the nation have experienced high rates of violent crime over the past 2 decades. As a consequence, law enforcement agencies have increased patrol efforts, but little is known about whether the decrease in violent crime rates was correlated to increased police patrols or to the economic variables of unemployment, inflation, level of education, unemployment compensation, and home-ownership. The purpose of this non-experimental, correlational study was to examine the nature of the relationship between increased police patrols, the 5 economic variables, and violent crime rates in 7 large US cities for a 10-year period. The theoretical framework for this study was based on Paternoster's deterrence theory and Becker's economic theory of crime causation. Data were acquired from the Federal Bureau of Investigation and used a sample of 114 cases of reported violent crimes for each city included in the study for the years 2000 – 2010 (n = 798). A multiple regression analysis was initially performed with inconclusive results. Spearman's correlations between each of the independent and dependent variables of violent crime indicated that all the independent variables except for home-ownership had statistically significant inverse correlations with violent crime rates. The findings of this study may be used by law enforcement agencies and policy makers to develop crime prevention interventions that address those economic factors associated with violent crime, thereby promoting positive social change through creating safer communities. Details: Minneapolis, MN: Walden University, 2016. 156p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed December 10, 2016 at: http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3420&context=dissertations Year: 2016 Country: United States URL: http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3420&context=dissertations Shelf Number: 146044 Keywords: Communities and CrimeCrime RatesPolice EffectivenessPolice PatrolsSocioeconomic conditions and CrimeUrban Areas and CrimeViolent Crime |
Author: Turner-Walker, Jennifer Title: Clash of the Paradigms: Night Patrols in remote central Australia Summary: This research examines the crucial crime and violence prevention role of Aboriginal Night and Community Patrols in the 20 plus remote Aboriginal settlements of the Northern Territory region south of Tennant Creek. The research focuses on the period from the early 1990s with the appearance of the first remote settlement Night Patrols in the Northern Territory, to their demise as community owned services with the Howard Liberal government's Northern Territory Emergency Response (the Intervention) and the implementation of a Shire system of local NT government. These measures removed the last vestiges of remote Aboriginal community ownership of Patrols and other Aboriginal initiatives, thereby undermining the Aboriginal cultural and family imperatives that were the basis of functional Night and Community patrols. Though there are some similarities to community safety initiatives in other cultural and geographic areas, Aboriginal Night and Community Patrols in remote regions of Australia are very locally and culturally specific. The intention of this thesis is to explore some of the enormous range of roles, strategies, and methodologies of remote Patrols during the time when they could have been viewed as stellar examples of Aboriginal self-determination in action, a genuinely grassroots wholly Aboriginal initiative to improve the safety of their families and settlements where the non-Aboriginal domain had so clearly failed. The Patrols’ local and cultural specificity has disadvantaged the patrols in their interactions with non-Aboriginal organisations such as police and government agencies, as their strategies and actions are largely opaque to the nonAboriginal administrative, regulatory and social domains. The tendency is to try to understand Patrols in terms of equivalence to non-Aboriginal community policing initiatives such as Neighbourhood Watch, or security services. This does the Patrols a great disservice, and fails to recognise the extraordinary complexity of Patrol functions and strategies. It also overlooks the skill, commitment and determination of the Patrollers in undertaking to protect their families and make a difference to quality of life and safety in their home settlements. Night and Community Patrols’ major strengths are in harm minimisation, crime prevention and dispute mediation. As cultural insiders, they have a deep and intimate knowledge of the intricacies of family and individual relationships that comprise the remote Aboriginal political and socio-cultural milieu. This enables them to identify, manage and mediate potentially dangerous disputes and situations before they escalate to unregulated violence. Preventative activities are notoriously difficult to quantify, which has affected attempts by funding bodies and others to "benchmark" Patrol activities, and to implement appropriate and effective Patrol reporting systems . Details: Crawley WA: University of Western Australia, 2012. 132p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed December 21, 2016 at: http://fare.org.au/wp-content/uploads/research/Thesis+complete+2.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Australia URL: http://fare.org.au/wp-content/uploads/research/Thesis+complete+2.pdf Shelf Number: 147765 Keywords: Aboriginal CommunitiesAlcohol Related Crime, DisorderNight PatrolsPolice Patrols |
Author: Rahman, Muhammad Faizal Bin Abdul Title: Smart CCTVs for Secure Cities: Potentials and Challenges Summary: The operating environment for law enforcement particularly in cities has grown more complex over the last decade. Security threats emanate from both traditional and non-traditional sources, emerging technologies give rise to new forms of crimes, and public demand for more agile responses make policing extremely challenging. Leveraging new technologies is one key way in which law enforcement has responded to these challenges. In particular, the integration of smart technologies with regular closed-circuit televisions (CCTVs), otherwise known as Smart CCTVs, is envisaged to help law enforcement improve situational awareness as well as obtain additional sources of data for analysis or investigation. Yet, not much has been written about this emerging technology. As such, this exploratory study aims to: (i) examine how Smart CCTVs can be used to enhance law enforcement capabilities; (ii) identify issues and challenges associated with that use; and (iii) examine approaches to mitigate such challenges. Upon examination, this study has found that Smart CCTVs can enhance law enforcement capabilities in four ways. They can: (i) act as a force multiplier; (ii) support police patrols; (iii); overcome human limitations; and (iv) support crisis and emergency management. As Smart CCTVs are powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), it is argued that they should not be regarded simply as tools for law enforcement, but rather as "partners". With that, the challenges associated with the use of Smart CCTV for law enforcement include: (i) cybersecurity issues; (ii) adaptive and resolute adversaries; (iii) operational surprises; and (iv) an overreliance on the technology. As such, approaches to mitigate these challenges include: (i) a multi-pronged cybersecurity strategy that focuses on resilience rather than deterrence; (ii) empowering law enforcement officers with new skill sets; (iii) experimenting with plausible security scenarios to optimally integrate the use of Smart CCTVs into patrol operations, investigations and intelligence; (iv) ensuring that the adoption of technology is done in tandem with community partnership; and (v) deepening partnership with the private sector in terms of both regular CCTV and Smart CCTV surveillance. Details: Singapore: S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, 2017. 42p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 9, 2018 at:http://www.css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/resources/docs/RSIS-Smart%20CCTVs%20for%20Secure%20Cities,%20Potential%20and%20Challenges.pdf Year: 2017 Country: International URL: http://www.css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/resources/docs/RSIS-Smart%20CCTVs%20for%20Secure%20Cities,%20Potential%20and%20Challenges.pdf Shelf Number: 151458 Keywords: Closed Circuit TelevisionsCybersecurity IssuesIntelligenceLaw EnforcementPolice PatrolsSecurity ThreatsSmart Technologies |
Author: Collazos, Daniela Title: Hot Spots Policing in a High Crime Environment: An Experimental Evaluation in Medellin Summary: Abstract Test direct, spillover and aggregate effects of hot spots policing on crime in a high crime environment. Methods: We identified 967 hot spot street segments and randomly assigned 384 to a six-months increase in police patrols. To account for the complications resulting from a large experimental sample in a dense network of streets, we use randomization inference for hypothesis testing. We also use non-experimental streets to test for spillovers onto non-hot spots, and examine aggregate effects citywide. Results: Our results show an improvement in short term security perceptions and a reduction in car thefts, but no direct effects on other crimes or satisfaction with policing services. We see larger effects in the least secure places, especially for short term security perceptions, car thefts and assaults. We find no evidence of crime displacement but rather a decrease in car thefts in nearby hot spots and a decrease in assaults in nearby non-hot spots. We estimate that car thefts decreased citywide by about 11 percent. Conclusions: Our study highlights the importance of context when implementing hot spots policing. What seems to work in the U.S. or even in Bogota is not as responsive in Medellin (and vice versa). Further research -especially outside the U.S. - is needed to understand the role of local crime patterns and police capacity on the effectiveness of hot spots policing. Details: S.L.: 2019. 44p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 30, 2019 at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3316968 Year: 2019 Country: Colombia URL: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3334076 Shelf Number: 155241 Keywords: AssaultsCar TheftsColombiaCrimeCrime DisplacementField Experiment Hot Spots PolicingPolicePolice PatrolsSpillover Effects |